Today in History: March 21

FILE - In this undated file illustration, late German composer Johann Sebastian Bach is shown. Richard Wagner is the classical composer most associated with the Nazis, but it was Johann Sebastian Bach whom the party dubbed "the most German of Germans" and whose music was played at rallies to stir up nationalist zeal. The Nazis praised Bach for his "racially pure" family tree dating back to the 11th century and for the "German" discipline of his baroque-style music. Felix Mendelssohn, on the other hand, who revived Bach's concertos and overtures in modern concert halls, was scorned by the Nazis for his Jewish roots. (AP Photo, File)
In 1685, composer Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, Germany.  (AP Photo, File)
United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes, seated third at table, watches as Andrei Gromyko, Russian Delegate, standing second from left, leads the Russian delegation from the United Nations Security Council meeting at Hunter College in New York City, March 27, 1946. Standing at left is Prof. Bons Stein, chief Soviet adviser. Seated on Byrnes right are: Edward R. Stettinius, Jr. of the U.S. and Sir Alexander George Montagu Cadogan of the United Kingdom. (AP Photo)
In 1946, the recently created United Nations Security Council set up temporary headquarters at Hunter College in The Bronx, New York. Here, United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes, seated third at table, watches as Andrei Gromyko, Russian Delegate, standing second from left, leads the Russian delegation from the United Nations Security Council meeting at Hunter College in New York City, March 27, 1946. (AP Photo)
In a private ceremony at the official residence of the American Ambassador, Clare Boothe Luce, her husband, publisher Henry R. Luce, presented the Oscar statuette in Rome, Italy, on May 11, 1956, to Italian actress Anna Magnani, awarded her by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as the outstanding actress of 1956 for her part in “The Rose Tattoo”. (AP Photo)
In 1956, Anna Magnani won best actress for “The Rose Tattoo.” Here, in a private ceremony at the official residence of the American Ambassador, Clare Boothe Luce, her husband, publisher Henry R. Luce, presented the Oscar statuette in Rome, Italy, on May 11, 1956, to Italian actress Anna Magnani, awarded her by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as the outstanding actress of 1956 for her part in “The Rose Tattoo”. (AP Photo)
Trucks laden with coffins of black victims of South African shooting roll through lines of mourners during mass funeral ceremony at Sharpeville, south of Johannesburg, South Africa, March 21, 1960. No whites were permitted into the area during the funeral of 34 victims, who were killed by South African white police last week. (AP Photo)
In 1960, about 70 people were killed in Sharpeville, South Africa, when police fired on black protesters. Here, trucks laden with coffins of victims roll through lines of mourners during a mass funeral ceremony at Sharpeville, south of Johannesburg, South Africa, March 21, 1960. (AP Photo)
In this Nov. 5, 2015, photo, the sun sets on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco. The former federal prison of Alcatraz, once home to Al Capone, used to be a place people tried to escape; now it can be tough to get in. Book well in advance if you want to go; the Alcatraz Cruises ferries leave from Pier 33. (AP Photo/Eric Risberg)
In 1963, the Alcatraz federal prison island in San Francisco Bay was emptied of its last inmates and closed at the order of Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy.  (AP Photo/Eric Risberg)
Vladimir "Spider" Sabich of Kyburz, Calif., spins through gate in men's slalom at Vail International Team races on March 7, 1969. Sabich, who had best time in first run, placed fifth, the only American in the top 15. Austria was first, France second and U.S. tied for third with Switzerland. (AP Photo/Robert D. Scott)
In 1976, champion skier Vladimir “Spider” Sabich – seen here – was shot and killed by his girlfriend, actress-singer Claudine Longet, in the home they shared in Aspen, Colorado; Longet, who maintained the shooting was an accident, served 30 days in jail for negligent homicide.  (AP Photo/Robert D. Scott)
Debi Thomas of the United States shows off the gold medal she won at the World Figure Skating Championship in Geneva, Switzerland, on March 21, 1986. Thomas, the first ever black woman to win this title, defeated  defending East German champion Katarina Witt. (AP Photo)
In 1986, Debi Thomas of the United States won the ladies’ title at the World Figure Skating Championships in Geneva, Switzerland, dethroning Katarina Witt of East Germany. Here, Thomas shows off the gold medal she won at the World Figure Skating Championship in Geneva, Switzerland, on March 21, 1986. (AP Photo)
In 2006, the social media website Twitter was established with the sending of the first “tweet” by co-founder Jack Dorsey, who wrote: “just setting up my twttr.”  (AP Photo/Richard Drew, File)
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FILE - In this undated file illustration, late German composer Johann Sebastian Bach is shown. Richard Wagner is the classical composer most associated with the Nazis, but it was Johann Sebastian Bach whom the party dubbed "the most German of Germans" and whose music was played at rallies to stir up nationalist zeal. The Nazis praised Bach for his "racially pure" family tree dating back to the 11th century and for the "German" discipline of his baroque-style music. Felix Mendelssohn, on the other hand, who revived Bach's concertos and overtures in modern concert halls, was scorned by the Nazis for his Jewish roots. (AP Photo, File)
United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes, seated third at table, watches as Andrei Gromyko, Russian Delegate, standing second from left, leads the Russian delegation from the United Nations Security Council meeting at Hunter College in New York City, March 27, 1946. Standing at left is Prof. Bons Stein, chief Soviet adviser. Seated on Byrnes right are: Edward R. Stettinius, Jr. of the U.S. and Sir Alexander George Montagu Cadogan of the United Kingdom. (AP Photo)
In a private ceremony at the official residence of the American Ambassador, Clare Boothe Luce, her husband, publisher Henry R. Luce, presented the Oscar statuette in Rome, Italy, on May 11, 1956, to Italian actress Anna Magnani, awarded her by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as the outstanding actress of 1956 for her part in “The Rose Tattoo”. (AP Photo)
Trucks laden with coffins of black victims of South African shooting roll through lines of mourners during mass funeral ceremony at Sharpeville, south of Johannesburg, South Africa, March 21, 1960. No whites were permitted into the area during the funeral of 34 victims, who were killed by South African white police last week. (AP Photo)
In this Nov. 5, 2015, photo, the sun sets on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco. The former federal prison of Alcatraz, once home to Al Capone, used to be a place people tried to escape; now it can be tough to get in. Book well in advance if you want to go; the Alcatraz Cruises ferries leave from Pier 33. (AP Photo/Eric Risberg)
Vladimir "Spider" Sabich of Kyburz, Calif., spins through gate in men's slalom at Vail International Team races on March 7, 1969. Sabich, who had best time in first run, placed fifth, the only American in the top 15. Austria was first, France second and U.S. tied for third with Switzerland. (AP Photo/Robert D. Scott)
Debi Thomas of the United States shows off the gold medal she won at the World Figure Skating Championship in Geneva, Switzerland, on March 21, 1986. Thomas, the first ever black woman to win this title, defeated  defending East German champion Katarina Witt. (AP Photo)

Today is Tuesday, March 21, the 80th day of 2017. There are 285 days left in the year.

Today’s Highlight in History:

On March 21, 1952, the Moondog Coronation Ball, considered the first rock and roll concert, took place at Cleveland Arena.

On this date:

In 1556, Thomas Cranmer, the former Archbishop of Canterbury, was burned at the stake for heresy.

In 1685, composer Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, Germany.

In 1804, the French civil code, or the “Code Napoleon” as it was later called, was adopted.

In 1925, Tennessee Gov. Austin Peay signed the Butler Act, which prohibited the teaching of the Theory of Evolution in public schools. (Tennessee repealed the law in 1967.)

In 1935, Persia officially changed its name to Iran.

In 1946, the recently created United Nations Security Council set up temporary headquarters at Hunter College in The Bronx, New York.

In 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower and British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan began a four-day conference in Bermuda.

In 1963, the Alcatraz federal prison island in San Francisco Bay was emptied of its last inmates and closed at the order of Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy.

In 1972, the Supreme Court, in Dunn v. Blumstein, ruled that states may not require at least a year’s residency for voting eligibility.

In 1981, Michael Donald, a black teenager in Mobile, Alabama, was abducted, tortured and killed by members of the Ku Klux Klan. (A lawsuit brought by Donald’s mother, Beulah Mae Donald, later resulted in a landmark judgment that bankrupted one Klan organization.)

In 1997, President Bill Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin wrapped up their summit in Helsinki, Finland, still deadlocked over NATO expansion, but able to agree on slashing nuclear weapons arsenals.

In 2006, the social media website Twitter was established with the sending of the first “tweet” by co-founder Jack Dorsey, who wrote: “just setting up my twttr.”

Ten years ago: Former Vice President Al Gore made an emotional return to Congress as he pleaded with House and Senate committees to fight global warming; skeptical Republicans questioned the science behind his climate-change documentary, “An Inconvenient Truth.”

Five years ago: A previously divided U.N. Security Council sent a strong and united message to the Syrian government and opposition to immediately implement proposals by international envoy Kofi Annan to end Syria’s yearlong bloodshed. Meting out unprecedented punishment for a bounty system that targeted key opposing players, the NFL suspended New Orleans Saints head coach Sean Payton without pay for the coming season and indefinitely banned the team’s former defensive coordinator; in addition to other sanctions, Commissioner Roger Goodell fined the Saints $500,000 and took away their second-round draft picks for the current year and the next.

One year ago: Laying bare a half-century of tensions, President Barack Obama and Cuban President Raul Castro prodded each other over human rights and the longstanding U.S. economic embargo during an unprecedented joint news conference in Havana. A former U.S. State Department employee who had used his government-issued computer to prey on vulnerable young women and manipulate them into sharing nude photos was sentenced in Atlanta to five years in federal prison.

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