Today in History: July 4

This undated engraving shows the scene on July 4, 1776 when the Declaration of Independence was approved by the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Pa.  The document, drafted by Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Philip Livingston and Roger Sherman, announces the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain.  The formal signing by 56 members of Congress began on Aug. 2.  (AP Photo)
On July 4, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted by delegates to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia. This undated engraving shows the scene on July 4, 1776 when the Declaration of Independence was approved by the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Pa. The document, drafted by Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Philip Livingston and Roger Sherman, announces the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain. The formal signing by 56 members of Congress began on Aug. 2. (AP Photo)
In 1802, the United States Military Academy officially opened at West Point, New York. In this photo, Secretary of Defense James Mattis speaks during commencement ceremonies at the United States Military Academy, Saturday, May 27, 2017, in West Point, N.Y. Nine Hundred and thirty six cadets received their diplomas, most of whom will be commissioned as second lieutenants in the army. (AP Photo/Julie Jacobson)
In 1817, ground was broken for the Erie Canal in Rome, New York. The middle section of the waterway took three years to complete; the entire canal was finished in 1825. In this Aug, 20, 2006 file photo, a sail boat heads east on the Erie Canal after exiting Lock 7 in Niskayuna, N.Y. Ground was broken for the Erie Canal 200 years ago, and when the 363-mile canal fully opened in 1825, it was the greatest engineering feat of the era and one that would change history. (Paul Buckowski/The Albany Times Union via AP, File)
The committee chosen to draft a declaration of independence for the 13 North American British colonies is shown at work in this 19th century engraving.  The five members are, from left, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Philip Livingston and Roger Sherman.  On July 1, 1776, the committee submitted their draft to the Continental Congress, which voted on July 2  for final separation, and approved and formally adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4.  (AP Photo)
In 1826, 50 years to the day after the Declaration of Independence was adopted, former presidents John Adams and Thomas Jefferson both died. The committee chosen to draft a declaration of independence for the 13 North American British colonies is shown at work in this 19th century engraving. The five members are, from left, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Philip Livingston and Roger Sherman. On July 1, 1776, the committee submitted their draft to the Continental Congress, which voted on July 2 for final separation, and approved and formally adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4. (AP Photo)
U.S. President Calvin Coolidge, clad in cowboy attire celebrates the Fourth of July Holiday with his wife Grace Goodhue Coolidge in Rapid City North Dakota on July 4, 1927.  Others are unidentified.  (AP Photo)
In 1872, the 30th president of the United States, Calvin Coolidge, was born in Plymouth, Vermont. In this photo, U.S. President Calvin Coolidge, clad in cowboy attire, celebrates the Fourth of July with his wife Grace Goodhue Coolidge in Rapid City, North Dakota, in 1927. Others are unidentified. (AP Photo)
Lou Gehrig, "the Iron Horse," and his wife, Eleanor, who were married in 1933, pose together before Game 1 of the World Series at the Polo Grounds, September 30, 1936. In his famous farewell speech on July 4, 1939, Lou said of Eleanor, "When you have a wife who has been a tower of strength and shown more courage than you dreamed existed, that's the finest I know." Eleanor later echoed his sentiment, saying, "I would not have traded two minutes of the joy and the grief with that man for two decades of anything with another." (AP Photo)
In 1939, Lou Gehrig of the New York Yankees delivered his famous farewell speech in which he called himself “the luckiest man on the face of the earth.” In this photo, Lou Gehrig, “the Iron Horse,” and his wife, Eleanor, who were married in 1933, pose together before Game 1 of the World Series at the Polo Grounds, September 30, 1936. In his famous farewell speech on July 4, 1939, Lou said of Eleanor, “When you have a wife who has been a tower of strength and shown more courage than you dreamed existed, that’s the finest I know.” Eleanor later echoed his sentiment, saying, “I would not have traded two minutes of the joy and the grief with that man for two decades of anything with another.” (AP Photo)
ADVANCE FOR SUNDAY, JUNE 29--FILE--Workers from NASA's Jet Propulsion Labs look over the  Mars Pathfinder Oct. 1, 1996 at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The spacecraft will land on Mars July 4, 1997, and the rover Sojourner lower left with wheels, will explore the surface of the planet.   (AP Photo/Florida Today,Mike Brown)
In 1997, NASA’s Pathfinder spacecraft landed on Mars, inaugurating a new era in the search for life on the red planet. Workers from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Labs look over the Mars Pathfinder Oct. 1, 1996 at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The spacecraft will land on Mars July 4, 1997, and the rover Sojourner lower left with wheels, will explore the surface of the planet. (AP Photo/Florida Today,Mike Brown)
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This undated engraving shows the scene on July 4, 1776 when the Declaration of Independence was approved by the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Pa.  The document, drafted by Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Philip Livingston and Roger Sherman, announces the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain.  The formal signing by 56 members of Congress began on Aug. 2.  (AP Photo)
The committee chosen to draft a declaration of independence for the 13 North American British colonies is shown at work in this 19th century engraving.  The five members are, from left, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Philip Livingston and Roger Sherman.  On July 1, 1776, the committee submitted their draft to the Continental Congress, which voted on July 2  for final separation, and approved and formally adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4.  (AP Photo)
U.S. President Calvin Coolidge, clad in cowboy attire celebrates the Fourth of July Holiday with his wife Grace Goodhue Coolidge in Rapid City North Dakota on July 4, 1927.  Others are unidentified.  (AP Photo)
Lou Gehrig, "the Iron Horse," and his wife, Eleanor, who were married in 1933, pose together before Game 1 of the World Series at the Polo Grounds, September 30, 1936. In his famous farewell speech on July 4, 1939, Lou said of Eleanor, "When you have a wife who has been a tower of strength and shown more courage than you dreamed existed, that's the finest I know." Eleanor later echoed his sentiment, saying, "I would not have traded two minutes of the joy and the grief with that man for two decades of anything with another." (AP Photo)
ADVANCE FOR SUNDAY, JUNE 29--FILE--Workers from NASA's Jet Propulsion Labs look over the  Mars Pathfinder Oct. 1, 1996 at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The spacecraft will land on Mars July 4, 1997, and the rover Sojourner lower left with wheels, will explore the surface of the planet.   (AP Photo/Florida Today,Mike Brown)

Today is Thursday, July 4, the 185th day of 2019. There are 180 days left in the year. This is Independence Day.

Today’s Highlight in History:

On July 4, 1826, 50 years to the day after the Declaration of Independence was adopted, former presidents John Adams and Thomas Jefferson both died.

On this date:

In 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted by delegates to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia.

In 1802, the United States Military Academy officially opened at West Point, New York.

In 1817, ground was broken for the Erie Canal in Rome, New York. The middle section of the waterway took three years to complete; the entire canal was finished in 1825.

In 1831, the fifth president of the United States, James Monroe, died in New York City at age 73.

In 1872, the 30th president of the United States, Calvin Coolidge, was born in Plymouth, Vermont.

In 1910, in what was billed as “The Fight of the Century,” black world heavyweight boxing champion Jack Johnson defeated white former champ James J. Jeffries in Reno, Nevada.

In 1939, Lou Gehrig of the New York Yankees delivered his famous farewell speech in which he called himself “the luckiest man on the face of the earth.”

In 1982, the space shuttle Columbia concluded its fourth and final test flight with a smooth landing at Edwards Air Force Base in California. Heavy metal rocker Ozzy Osbourne married his manager, Sharon Arden, in Maui, Hawaii.

In 1987, Klaus Barbie, the former Gestapo chief known as the “Butcher of Lyon”, was convicted by a French court of crimes against humanity and sentenced to life in prison (he died in September 1991).

In 1997, NASA’s Pathfinder spacecraft landed on Mars, inaugurating a new era in the search for life on the red planet. CBS newsman Charles Kuralt died in New York at age 62.

In 2013, Egypt’s interim president, Adly Mansour, was sworn in following the ouster of Mohammed Morsi, the Islamist leader overthrown by the military after just one year in office.

In 2017, the United States confirmed that North Korea had launched an intercontinental ballistic missile, as the North had boasted and the U.S. and South Korea had feared. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson called it a “new escalation of the threat” to the U.S.

Ten years ago: Former Tennessee Titans quarterback Steve McNair was fatally shot in a Nashville condo by his mistress, Sahel Kazemi, who then killed herself. North Korea launched seven ballistic missiles into waters off its east coast. The Statue of Liberty’s crown was reopened to tourists for the first time since September 11, 2001. Serena Williams beat her big sister, Venus, 7-6 (3), 6-2 for her third Wimbledon title and 11th Grand Slam championship.

Five years ago: Germany summoned the U.S. ambassador in Berlin after the arrest of a man reported to have spied for the United States, heightening friction between the two countries over alleged U.S. eavesdropping in Germany. Richard Mellon Scaife, 82, the billionaire heir to the Mellon banking and oil fortunes and a newspaper publisher who funded libertarian and conservative causes and various projects aimed at discrediting President Bill Clinton, died in Pittsburgh.

One year ago: British police said two Britons who fell critically ill in the town of Amesbury were exposed to nerve agent Novichok, the same material used to poison a former Russian spy in a nearby area months earlier. A protest against U.S. immigration policy forced the evacuation of the Statue of Liberty on the Fourth of July, with a group unfurling a banner from the pedestal and a woman holding police at bay for hours after she climbed the base

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